Navigating the Asymmetry: Vulnerability Theory and State Responsiveness in The International Investment Regime (9786050523133)

Abstract v
Özet vii Table of Contents ix List of Abbreviations xiii List of Tables xv List of Figures xvii
1. Introduction 19
1.1. Research Problem 19
1.2. Project Description 24
1.3. Theoretical Background and Methodology 28
1.4. Structure of the Book 32
2. Theoretical and Analytical Frameworks 35
2.1. International Law and Its Humanization 35
2.2. Fineman on Vulnerability 38
2.3. Humanization of the International Investment Regime and the Vulnerability Theory 43
2.4. The International Investment Regime through the Lens of Vulnerability 54
2.5. Assessing State Responsiveness in the International Investment Regime 60
3. Great Power Does Not Always Come with Great Responsibility: Asymmetry in International Investment Law (IIL) Through the Lens of Vulnerability 69
3.1. Introduction 69
3.2. Asymmetry in IIL 75
3.2.1. Asymmetry in International Investment Agreements (IIAs) 75
3.2.1.1. Procedural Asymmetries 76
3.2.1.2. Substantive Asymmetries 86
3.2.2. Asymmetry before Arbitral Tribunals 92
3.3. Clashing Arguments about the Asymmetry 98
3.4. Unjustified Nature of the Asymmetry through the Lens of Vulnerability 106
3.5. Conclusion 115
4. A Noble EffortWindow Dressing? Computational Analysis of Human Rights–related Investor Obligations in IIAs* 117
4.1. Introduction 117
4.2. Human Rights–related Investor Obligations 120
4.3. Methodology 130
4.3.1. Dataset 132
4.3.2. Research Design 133
4.3.2.1. Year 135
4.3.2.2. Location in Treaty Text 136
4.3.2.3. Addressee of the Provision 137
4.3.2.4. Strictness of the Provision’s Language 138
4.3.2.5. Subject Matter of the Obligation 139
4.4. Evolution of Investor Obligations – Turning Tides? 141
4.5. Quality versus Quantity? Analyzing Human Rights–related Investor Obligations 147
4.6. Conclusion 166
5. Policies on Foreign Investment in National Action Plans (NAPs) on Business and Human Rights (BHR): Transformative ChangeReproduction?* 169
5.1. Introduction 169
5.2. NAPs and Foreign Investment Regulation 173
5.3. Comparing Provisions on Foreign Investments in NAPs 180
5.3.1. Assessing NAPs 180
5.3.2. Results 184
5.4. The (not yet fully unleashed) Potential of NAPs 196
5.5. Conclusion 203
6. Decoding Responsiveness at the Crossroads of the International Investment Regime and the BHR Treaty 207
6.1. Introduction 207
6.2. State Responsiveness through Treaty Submissions 210
6.3. The Role of the Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations and the Legally Binding Instrument 213
6.4. International Investments in the Drafts 219
6.5. The International Investment Regime in State Submissions to the IGWG 229
6.5.1. The Hierarchy between Human Rights and Investment Obligations 235
6.5.2. Investor Obligations 238
6.5.3. Support for Sustainable and Human Rights–Friendly Investments 240
6.5.4. Concerns and Challenges 242
6.5.5. Interim Conclusions 244
6.6. State Submissions through the Lens of Vulnerability 245
6.7. Conclusion 250
7. Conclusion 253
8. Bibliography 261
8.1. Articles 261
8.2. Books and Book Chapters 276
8.3. Treaties and Declarations 285
8.4. Cases 288
8.5. Official Documents 288
8.6. Websites, News Articles and Blog Posts 293
8.7. UN Documents 300
8.8. Reports and Scholarly Papers 303
8.9. Other 307